# The Blackwell Companion to Substance Dualism  ## Metadata - Author: [[Jonathan J. Loose, Angus J. L. Menuge, and J. P. Moreland]] - Full Title: The Blackwell Companion to Substance Dualism - Category: #books ## Highlights - If we are to take seriously the idea of a subject that owns thoughts at and over time, we must therefore have an illuminating account of mental subjects. Physicalists who have realized this have therefore put considerable effort into developing more sophisticated accounts of the relationship between the brain and the mind, in the hope that they can make more plausible the emergence of a first-person perspective from impersonal gray matter. ([Location 1016](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B07BGGCYRY&location=1016)) - Much earlier, Bertrand Russell observed that contemporary physics has blown away a “common sense” grasp of matter: “Matter has become as ghostly as anything in a spiritualist séance” (Russell 1927, 78). ([Location 2296](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B07BGGCYRY&location=2296)) - It looks very much, then, as if the EMP theorist is obliged to say that yes, my quarks do, quite literally and not as a matter of any figure of speech, enjoy Beethoven. But this, I submit, is incredible. ([Location 2894](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B07BGGCYRY&location=2894)) - According to Descartes it is metaphysically possible, by the miraculous intervention of God, for the soul to exist without the body. This is far different than thinking the soul and body exist separately.2 ([Location 3088](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B07BGGCYRY&location=3088)) - For example, hemispherectomy involves the removal of parts of a hemisphere (functional hemispherectomy) or even an entire hemisphere (anatomical hemispherectomy). Many of these ([Location 3176](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B07BGGCYRY&location=3176)) - patients recover normal cognitive function.11 Second, studies by John Lorber of patients cured of hydrocephalus revealed that 60 of the 600 patients had ventricular fluid occupying at least 95 percent of their cranial capacity! In spite of missing so much of their brain, and to the astonishment of neuroscientists, “half of Lorber's 60 cases were of above normal intelligence” (Forsdyke 2015; see also Lewin 1980). ([Location 3177](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B07BGGCYRY&location=3177)) - Thus, the soul is the first efficient cause of the body's development as well as the final cause of its functions and structure, which are internally related to the soul's essence (see Kaiser 2014). ([Location 3945](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B07BGGCYRY&location=3945))