Within the context of a mathematical model, these three kinds of reasoning can be described as follows.
The construction/creation of the structure of the model is _abduction_. (inference to best explanation)
Assigning values (or probability distributions) to the parameters of the model is _induction_. (generalization leading to specifics)
Executing/running the model is _deduction_. (specific cases leading to generalization)
[[Model-based thinking and logical reasoning]]